Global installed capacity of energy storage is experiencing explosive growth. China’s cumulative installed capacity of new energy storage exceeded 100 GW by 2025. The cell consistency of electrochemical energy storage systems (dominated by lithium iron phosphate) is extremely temperature-sensitive. A temperature difference exceeding 5°C will reduce cycle life by 15%–20%, and may trigger cascading thermal runaway in severe cases. Energy storage thermal management has evolved from simple air conditioning temperature control to a three-dimensional safety system integrating precision liquid cooling and fire sprinkler linkage.
Supported by three core advantages — pulse-free positive displacement output, fully magnetic leak-free sealing, and fully chemically inert PEEK + ceramic construction — JONSN MR Series micro gear pumps form three layers of safety barriers for energy storage thermal management.
A 20-foot energy storage container houses thousands of cells. The pressure drop across cold plate flow channels from the front to the rear of the container can reach dozens of kPa. The flow rate of centrifugal pumps fluctuates with backpressure, resulting in insufficient coolant flow for end cells and amplified temperature differences.National standard GB/T 36276 requires operating temperature difference ≤5°C, while high-end systems demand ≤3°C — imposing rigid requirements on constant pump flow regardless of pressure variation.
Energy storage containers are often deployed in unattended harsh environments including Gobi deserts, offshore islands and frigid cold regions: surface temperatures hit 70°C in Xinjiang Gobi, cold startup at -40°C in Northeast China, and high salt fog corrosion along coastlines.Pumps must operate continuously with zero maintenance for 15–20 years under such extreme conditions. Conventional mechanically sealed pumps only have a seal service life of 2–3 years, failing to match the full lifecycle of energy storage facilities.
Once thermal runaway occurs, the BMS must activate fire sprinklers within hundreds of milliseconds. Fire suppressants (perfluorohexanone, aerosol, water mist) require accurate metering for each discharge. Insufficient dosage fails to cover thermal runaway cells; excessive dosage wastes suppressant and increases pressure for secondary discharge after re-ignition.Traditional solenoid valve + nozzle solutions offer fast response yet uncontrollable flow; diaphragm pumps deliver precise flow but suffer delayed startup. Energy storage fire protection requires a pumping solution combining ultra-fast response and high precision.
Coolant in energy storage systems requires 5–8 years of service without replacement. Ethylene glycol slowly oxidizes under high temperature to generate oxalic acid and formic acid, gradually lowering pH values. Metallic components inside pumps (e.g. 316L stainless steel) may catalyze this oxidation process. Even corrosion-resistant 316L stainless steel leaches trace metal ions into the coolant, forming ion conductive paths between cell busbars and raising leakage current risks.
MRC Series (0.8–14 L/min) and MRE Series (4–48 L/min) magnetic gear pumps circulate ethylene glycol-water coolant through cold plate arrays inside containers. The positive displacement volumetric principle ensures nearly uniform coolant distribution across all cold plates from front to rear of the container — flow rate is determined solely by rotational speed and unaffected by pressure drop across cold plate arrays.Adopting a multi-pump zoning fluid supply strategy (one MRC pump for every 4–6 cell clusters), the overall container temperature difference is controlled within ≤3°C.
Main circulation flow: 0.8–48 L/min, compatible with 5ft–40ft energy storage containers
Fully inert PEEK + ceramic flow channels inhibit ethylene glycol oxidation, extending coolant service life to over 8 years
6 MPa pressure resistance, capable of withstanding high pressure drop in long cold plate pipelines
Industrial & commercial energy storage cabinets (100 kWh–1 MWh grade) feature compact space, requiring highly integrated cooling units. MRA Series (100–2000 ml/min) and MRB Series (400–4800 ml/min) feature miniature dimensions of φ30–40 mm for embedded installation inside cabinet liquid cooling modules. The thermally isolated PEEK housing eliminates heat interference from the pump itself on the cooling circuit. Fully magnetic sealing adapts to low-conductivity coolant, with zero metal ion leaching to guarantee insulation safety between busbars.
Flow rate: 0.1–4.8 L/min, matching thermal loads of 100 kWh–1 MWh cabinets
Miniature size φ30×90 mm, directly embedded into cabinet liquid cooling distribution units
Optional Modbus/CANopen communication; flow feedback connects to BMS cloud monitoring
Thermal runaway sprinkling imposes stringent requirements on pump response speed and discharge precision. MPG Series microliter gear pumps start in <50 ms (servo direct drive + friction-free magnetic coupling with low inertia), triggering instant fluid discharge upon receiving thermal runaway signals from BMS. With a displacement of 40 μL/rev and closed-loop speed control, each discharge is metered to milliliter accuracy; single discharge volume is configurable, traceable and repeatable. The full PEEK flow channel exhibits chemical inertness to perfluorohexanone (FK-5-1-12) and all types of fire suppressants, resisting corrosion and swelling under long standby conditions.
Sprinkling response <50 ms, minimal delay from BMS trigger to suppressant outlet
40 μL/rev displacement; programmable single discharge volume 5–500 ml, complying with graded fire suppression requirements of GB 51048
PEEK material fully inert to perfluorohexanone, heptafluoropropane and water mist; pump cavity remains corrosion-free after 10 years of standby
Thermal Management Scenario | Medium | Recommend d Series | Key Specifications |
Main circulation for energy storage containers | Ethylene glycol-water coolant | MRC / MRE | 0.8–48 L/min, temperature difference ≤3°C, 6 MPa pressure resistance |
Liquid cooling for industrial & commercial cabinets | Low-conductivity coolant | MRA / MRB | 0.1–4.8 L/min, φ30 miniature embedded design, CAN cloud connectivity |
Fire sprinkling for thermal runaway suppression | Perfluorohexanone / Heptafluoropropane / Water mist | MPG | <50 ms trigger response, programmable 5–500 ml discharge volume |
Online coolant replenishment | Ethylene glycol / Deionized water | MPG | 40 μL/rev, micro make-up for annual water loss <0.5% |
Cell test temperature control | Coolant / Silicone oil | MPG / MRA | Precision fluid supply for R&D test benches, ±0.2% flow accuracy |
Periodic coolant replacement & aged fluid draining | Degraded coolant | MRE / MRF | High flow 4–67 L/min for fast liquid evacuation |
Cooling for PCS power modules | Ethylene glycol coolant | MRA / MRB | 0.1–4.8 L/min, compatible with 500 kW–2 MW PCS |
Gear pump flow rate is only determined by rotational speed and does not decay with pressure drop across cold plate arrays. Uniform coolant flow is delivered to front-end and rear-end cells, fundamentally solving the biggest temperature inconsistency pain point of energy storage systems. Consistent cell temperature translates to synchronized cycle life attenuation across the entire container, maximizing the system’s usable capacity.
Minimal manual intervention is required after energy storage container deployment. Fully magnetic sealing eliminates periodic mechanical seal replacement; PEEK + ceramic flow channels release zero metal ions and prevent accelerated coolant degradation caused by pump-induced catalytic oxidation. Operation and maintenance costs are reduced to near zero, with no regular pump, seal or coolant replacement needed.
The core challenge of energy storage fire protection: thermal runaway sprinkling cannot be fast yet inaccurate (wasting suppressant), nor precise yet slow (missing the critical suppression window). MPG servo direct drive delivers sub-50 ms response, while 40 μL/rev displacement enables milliliter-level discharge calibration, achieving both advantages simultaneously.
Gear pumps rely on the medium itself for self-lubrication without oil seals or grease, enabling normal cold startup at -40°C even with thickened ethylene glycol. PEEK maintains stable shape without softening or deformation at 70°C; flow curves remain non-degraded throughout the full temperature range and full service lifecycle.
MRC/MRE for container main circulation, MRA/MRB for industrial & commercial cabinet cooling, MPG for fire sprinkling — a unified technical platform, interface standard and control system covering the three safety barriers of energy storage thermal management, greatly simplifying spare parts inventory for integrators and asset owners.
JONSN gear pumps have passed mass verification in new energy vehicle cooling systems, completing automotive-grade tests including -40°C cold startup, 15g vibration resistance and IP67 protection. Operating conditions of energy storage sites are generally milder than vehicle environments, enabling risk-free deployment with full downward compatibility.
